Begun in 1283 by King Edward I, Caernarfon Castle is set on a peninsula overlooking the Menai Straits that divide North Wales from the island of Anglesey. The design of the castle, with its high walls marked with arrow slits and its angular towers, is said to have been inspired by the great city of Constantinople (now Istanbul), the former imperial power base of Rome. The castle was built when Edward conquered Wales in 1284 and was intended not only as a military fortress, but also as a royal palace and the English administrative centre of the area. The dual purpose of the castle was demonstrated by the fact that he also founded a town and market within its walls. The future Edward II, son of Edward I, was the first English Prince of Wales, and to this day the ruling British monarch may confer the title of Prince of Wales upon their eldest son. Prince Charles’ investiture as the 21st Prince of Wales took place at the castle in 1969. Today, visitors can enjoy informative exhibitions and displays at the castle and walk around the ramparts for fine views over the town and the Menai Straits.